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Response of Young Maize Plants to Rational and Above-Limit Dosesof Vermicompost

od | dec 10, 2025 | Vedecké články

In a two-year pot experiment carried out in a vegetation cage located on the premises of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, the effect of vermicompost (Vc) used at a dose 8.3 to 16.6 times higher than permitted by the Nitrates Directive on young maize plants on their phytomass was investigated. The results showed that excessive amounts of vermicompost did not have a depressing effect on the growth of young maize plants. On the contrary, they increased the production of phytomass.
The legislatively determined nutrient doses should take into account the type of organic fertilizer and the different abilities of plants to convert nutrients into phytomass formation.

Keywords: fertilization, nitrate directive, nitrogen, phytomass, maize

Comparison of the Effectiveness of UAV and Conventional Sprayersin Wheat Disease Control

od | nov 8, 2025 | Články, Vedecké články

In this study, the influence of different water volumes applied by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and back motor sprayer (BMS) in fungicide control of wheat diseases (Tan spot – Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Septoria tritici leaf blotch – Zymoseptoria tritici) was researched in field conditions. During the whole experiment, no phytotoxicity of the used fungicide (solatenol 75 g/L + prothioconazole 150 g/L) was observed (and that´s why); the UAV application can be considered as safe for the wheat crop in all tested spray volumes. The trial results showed that the fungicide efficacy (FE) of UAV application depends on the used spray volume and air temperature during application. The best FE was achieved by using a BMS of 100 and 300 L/ha spray volume. It is proven that the lowest FE was recorded by using a UAV spray volume of 10 L/ha applied at high temperatures (28°C). The use of UAV ultra-low spray volume is not suitable for application in high air temperatures, which could dramatically decrease the FE of the applied fungicide. Suitable temperatures (around 20°C) for application did not negatively influence low UAV spray application volumes of 10 L/ha. The FE by using UAV spray volume of 10 L/ha was approximately 10% lower than the FE of 300 L/ha BMS spray volume. The BMS spray volume of 100 L/ha and UAV volume of 50 L/ha showed similar FE in suitable conditions for application. The results showed that for practical UAV fungicide applications, it is needed to use a spray volume of 50 L/ha or more. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of other pesticides to estimate how widely the results are applicable in agricultural practice.

The Efficacy Of Fungicides Against Cercospora Beticola In Field Conditions

od | máj 20, 2024 | Články, Vedecké články

This study is focused on the evaluation of the efficacy of conventional fungicides against Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) on sugar beet. The results showed that the best protection against CLS was achieved by treatment with kresoxim-methyl + epoxiconazole (T1) and tetraconazole (T2). The second highest fungicide efficacy was detected after treatment with (kresoxim-methyl + epoxiconazole -T1) + difenoconazole -T2, followed by (azoxystrobin + cyproconazole) + difenoconazole, (prochloraz + propiconazole) + tetraconazole, Urtica dioica plant extracts + Salix spp. plant extracts, (trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole) + tetraconazole, and picoxystrobin + tetraconazole. The positive effect of fungicide protection on yield and sugar content was higher in the year with a higher occurrence of CLS. Good CLS management could increase the root yield by up to 19.34%, and sugar yield by up to 23.83% in comparison to the untreated check. The highest sugar yield was achieved in the treatment by (prochloraz + propiconazole) + tetraconazole, followed by (kresoxim-methyl + epoxiconazole) + difenoconazole, (azoxystrobin + cyproconazole) + difenoconazole, (trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole) + tetraconazole, picoxystrobin + tetraconazole, and Urtica dioica plant extracts + Salix spp. plant extracts. The results showed a strong relationship of root yield and sugar yield on fungicide treatment during the vegetation. The occurrence of fungicide resistance in Cercospora beticola population has an important impact on efficacy of applied fungicides in field conditions. The highest economic effectiveness coefficient was achieved at treatment by (prochloraz + propiconazole) + tetraconazole.